Echolalia is both a speech disorder and a normal part of speech development. The term refers to the action of repeating a word or phrase that’s been said by someone else without being prompted. As toddlers learn to speak, it is common for them to use this sort of echoing to communicate their needs.
For example, if a parent says, “Is that your toy giraffe?” a toddler might respond, “Giraffe.” Responding with the word itself rather than a “yes” or “no” is a way for children to make themselves understood. When “giraffe” comes out sounding more like “jaff,” echolalia can be an effective method for communicating.
But by the age of three, most children will have stopped using echolalia on a regular basis. Instead, they’ll start to communicate with their own simple words and sentences. If echolalia behavior extends past a child’s third birthday, it could be a sign of a language delay, and a speech language pathologist should be consulted.
Echolalia and Speech Language Pathology
Echolalia can occur on its own, though it often accompanies disorders like autism and Tourette’s. It has two main types, immediate echolalia and delayed echolalia.
With immediate echolalia, the person repeats words that have just been spoken to them. Being limited to the words used by others can be extremely frustrating for the person who suffers from immediate echolalia.
With delayed echolalia, the person repeats words, sentences, or phrases that they have heard before, sometimes years before. A perfect example of this can be seen in the recent documentary, Life, Animated, which features an autistic man who, as a child, started repeating lines from animated Disney movies to express his wants and needs.
In both cases, the person who relies on echolalia repeats verbalizations (words), not vocalizations (sounds).
If your child is three years of age or older and still relies on repetition of your words as his or her primary communication method, you should talk to a speech language pathologist for kids about echolalia and speech delays. A speech therapist can assess your child’s speech and come up with a customized plan for addressing any problem areas.
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